?工作油液為一系列油路提供動(dòng)力源從柱塞泵輸入到油路輸入，流經(jīng)柱塞泵的油液與流體有不同壓力的油液，是由油液的不同流動(dòng)方向與流動(dòng)速度所決定的油在流動(dòng)過(guò)程中與流體產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)和沖擊現(xiàn)象當(dāng)活塞桿受到壓力時(shí)，油液在油膜組織內(nèi)與流體發(fā)生混合；當(dāng)活塞桿受到較大推力并將活塞桿拉出時(shí)，由于油膜變形，油液中出現(xiàn)氣泡并在流動(dòng)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生氣蝕現(xiàn)象。
另外，由于空氣流過(guò)油管時(shí)也會(huì)發(fā)生氣蝕現(xiàn)象，造成油液的流量減小，同時(shí)也造成油液污染油液在流動(dòng)過(guò)程中由于摩擦阻力產(chǎn)生一定程度的能量損耗油液在流動(dòng)過(guò)程中會(huì)產(chǎn)生流動(dòng)阻力，其大小與油管長(zhǎng)度和流量有關(guān)當(dāng)油路阻力增加到一定程度，油液流量減小導(dǎo)致油管長(zhǎng)度和粘度增加并使能量損耗增大。
同時(shí)油液流量減少也會(huì)導(dǎo)致油液粘度降低，流體的流動(dòng)性，導(dǎo)致流體流動(dòng)速度減慢以及空氣流量增加等因素的存在：從而使液體流量減小導(dǎo)致空氣流量增加.導(dǎo)致流量減小導(dǎo)致流體溫度升高.導(dǎo)致液體損耗增加.導(dǎo)致流體流量減小.導(dǎo)致液壓元件中工作油的耗油量出現(xiàn)增加趨勢(shì)。
液壓油的工作介質(zhì)（油、空氣、水甚至空氣中的氧）應(yīng)符合OHSA1461-1999《燃油和氣態(tài)污染物排放控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的規(guī)定，不允許污染環(huán)境液壓油在實(shí)際使用過(guò)程中，應(yīng)滿足OHSA1461-1999《燃油及氣態(tài)污染物排放控制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的規(guī)定，其總指標(biāo)小于等于90mg/L時(shí)才可使用，當(dāng)OHSA1463-1999不能滿足要求時(shí)（如在低粘度、高含硫量或高溫度條件下),需更換新油。
而使用新型液壓油時(shí)應(yīng)符合下列要求:1、可根據(jù)需要選用不同性能的液壓元件；2、采用不同壓力等級(jí)的油管或油蓋；3、采用結(jié)構(gòu)合理、密封性好的液壓接頭；4、在保證高可靠性的前提下盡量選用新型節(jié)能型液壓油因此，對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)來(lái)說(shuō)，液壓元件及其配套設(shè)備在使用過(guò)程中其性能特點(diǎn)與作用十分重要。
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